I am trying to make a button in Maya using Python that when you type in a number the for loop would loop for that many times. For example, I would put 5 in the box so the for loop would loop 5 times resulting in 50 cubes since it is for i in range (1,10).

This is my code:

import maya.cmds as cmds
import random
handle = "cubeUI"
if cmds.window(handle, exists=True):print ("deleting old window...\n")cmds.deleteUI(handle)cmds.window(handle, title = "make random cubes")
cmds.columnLayout()
cmds.text(label = "amount")
amount_range_text_field = cmds.intField()
cmds.button(label = "random cube", command = "giveMeCube()")
cmds.showWindow(handle)def giveMeCube():cmds.polyCube()amount_range = cmds.intField( amount_range_text_field, query=True, value = True )for i in range (1,10):print itemp = cmds.polyCube()cmds.xform(temp, t = (random.uniform(-1 *amount_range, amount_range), random.uniform(-1 * amount_range, amount_range), random.uniform(-1  * amount_range, amount_range) ) )

My answer is a bit complex, Green Cell answer should work for you. Here is an example on how you should think your scripts to be more 'clean' I've put some annotation to help to understand why this

import maya.cmds as cmds
# This module can pass data throughts ui
from functools import partial
import random# your function that have the amount set as variable that you can set easily : 
# giveMeCube(2) result into 20 cubes
def giveMeCube(amount_range = 1):nb  = amount_range * 10for i in range (nb):print(i)temp = cmds.polyCube()cmds.xform(temp, t = (random.uniform(-1 *amount_range, amount_range), random.uniform(-1 * amount_range, amount_range), random.uniform(-1  * amount_range, amount_range) ) )# this function is just to separate your function from ui control
# so if you want to use giveMeCube in command line or in another script, you don't have your ui polluting the function
# *args is here because the command flag from maya ui give a default True as last argument that need to be dismissed
# most of the time, im putting the intfield query in another function
def uiGiveMeCube(fieldname, *args):amount = cmds.intField(fieldname, q=True, value=True)giveMeCube(amount)def showUI():handle = "cubeUI"if cmds.window(handle, exists=True):print ("deleting old window...\n")cmds.deleteUI(handle)cmds.window(handle, title = "make random cubes")cmds.columnLayout()cmds.text(label = "amount")amount_range_text_field = cmds.intField(value=1, min=1)# you should not use string to set your function# you could have write : cmds.button(label = "random cube", command = giveMeCube)# so how partial is used : partial(function, argument1, argument2, ...etc)cmds.button(label = "random cube", command = partial(uiGiveMeCube, amount_range_text_field))cmds.showWindow(handle)showUI()