I have an array, something like:

array = np.arange(0,4,1).reshape(2,2)> [[0 12 3]]

I want to both upsample this array as well as interpolate the resulting values. I know that a good way to upsample an array is by using:

array = eratemp[0].repeat(2, axis = 0).repeat(2, axis = 1)
[[0 0 1 1][0 0 1 1][2 2 3 3][2 2 3 3]]

but I cannot figure out a way to interpolate the values to remove the 'blocky' nature between each 2x2 section of the array.

I want something like this:

[[0 0.4 1 1.1][1 0.8 1 2.1][2 2.3 3 3.1][2.1 2.3 3.1 3.2]]

Something like this (NOTE: these will not be the exact numbers). I understand that it may not be possible to interpolate this particular 2D grid, but using the first grid in my answer, an interpolation should be possible during the upsampling process as you are increasing the number of pixels, and can therefore 'fill in the gaps'.

I am not too fussed on the type of interpolation, providing the final output is a smoothed surface! I have tried to use the scipy.interp2d method but to no avail, would be grateful if someone could share their wisdom!

You can use SciPy interp2d for the interpolation, you can find the documentation here.

I've modified the example from the documentation a bit:

from scipy import interpolate
x = np.array(range(2))
y = np.array(range(2))
a = np.array([[0, 1], [2, 3]])
f = interpolate.interp2d(x, y, a, kind='linear')xnew = np.linspace(0, 2, 4)
ynew = np.linspace(0, 2, 4)
znew = f(xnew, ynew)

If you print znew it should look like this:

array([[ 0.        ,  0.66666667,  1.        ,  1.        ],[ 1.33333333,  2.        ,  2.33333333,  2.33333333],[ 2.        ,  2.66666667,  3.        ,  3.        ],[ 2.        ,  2.66666667,  3.        ,  3.        ]])